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Resources for Language Immersion Education
Directories for Immersion Programs
Listservs on Immersion Education
Professional Organizations and Journals
Curricular and Program Development Materials
Immersion Teacher Development
Parent Support
Online Resources for Immersion Practitioners (Quick Reference)
Directories for Immersion Programs
National
The Center for Applied Linguistics offers two national directories of total and partial foreign language immersion programs, as well as two-way immersion language programs in U.S. schools.
Directory of Foreign Language Immersion Programs in U.S. Schools
This directory lists pre-K - 12 schools that teach all or part of their curriculum through a second language. Such programs are referred to as total or partial immersion programs. The majority are for students whose native language is English. A few Spanish/English two-way immersion programs, in which classes include both native English and native Spanish speakers, are also included. The two-way programs included here typically began as partial or total immersion programs.
Directory of Two-Way Bilingual Immersion Programs in the U.S.
The programs listed in this Directory meet all three of the following criteria for two-way immersion programs:
- Integration: Language-minority and language-majority students are integrated for at least 50% of instructional time at all grade levels
- Instruction: Content and literacy instruction in both languages is provided to all students
- Population: Within the program, there is a balance of language-minority and language-majority students, with each group making up between one-third and two-thirds of the total student population
State
California Two-Way Immersion Programs
This searchable directory created by Judy Lambert for the California Department of Education includes a list of California Two-Way Immersion. Programs in the directory are self-selected and the California Department of Education cannot guarantee the quality or level of implementation.
Texas Two-Way Dual Language Programs
This state directory includes a comprehensive listing of programs identified as Texas Two-Way Dual Language Education. The site was developed by professors and researchers in Texas and includes information on resources, conferences, model programs, etc.
Listservs on Immersion Education
Language Immersion in the Americas (LIM-A)
The LIM-A listserv is for all those interested in or involved with language immersion education in the Americas. LIM-A is administered by the Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition. To subscribe, send an email message to listserv@tc.umn.edu. The message without subject line or signature should read: subscribe LIM-A, <your first and last names>
Language Immersion in Europe (LIME)
The LIME listserv is a free electronic discussion forum for scholars, teachers, administrators and others interested in the teaching, study and administration of language immersion in general and in Europe in particular. LIME is based at the University of Vaasa, Finland. To subscribe, send an email to Majordomo@Garbo.uwasa.fi with subscribe LIME <your address> in the body of the message.
IMMERSION.FR
The Immersion.Fr is targeted at French immersion teachers to exchange ideas and information on methods, resources, conferences, seminars, publications and opinions related to immersion teaching. It was founded by Andre Obadja of Simon Fraser University. To subscribe, send a message to majordomo@sfu.ca with subscribe IMMERSION.FR <your address> in the body of the message.
Dual Language Education of New Mexico (DLeNM)
This listserv is designed specifically to support dual language programs. It is administered by Dual Language Education of New Mexico, a non-profit organization. To subscribe follow the instructions on the listserve website There is also an archive of past listserv discussions about dual language program issues.
Professional Organizations and Journals
American Council on Immersion Education (ACIE)
ACIE is an organizational network for individuals interested in immersion education (teachers, administrators, teacher educators, researchers, parents) and is sponsored by the Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition at the University of Minnesota. The ACIE newsletter is published three times during the academic year and contains articles with an emphasis on ideas and best practices, as well as school profiles, research reports and a calendar of upcoming events of interest to individuals involved in immersion education. Selected articles are archived on the ACIE website and provide a treasure trove of information about immersion education.
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages is the only national organization dedicated to the improvement and expansion of the teaching and learning of all languages at all levels of instruction. ACTFL is an individual membership organization of more than 7,000 foreign language educators and administrators from elementary through graduate education, as well as government and industry. ACTFL organizes an annual conference and publishes the journal Foreign Language Annals.
Association Canadienne Des Professeurs D'Immersion/Canadian Association of Immersion Teachers (ACPI/ CAIT)
ACPI/ CAIT is a professional non-profit association aims to promote and improve Immersion programs in Canada and provides professional development opportunities for immersion teachers. ACPI/CAIT offers a newsletter and annually sponsors both a summer institute and a conference.
Canadian Modern Language Review
CMLR publishes peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of language learning and teaching - linguistics, language skills, curriculum, program design, psychology, methodology - making this a great tool for teachers, researchers, professors and policy makers who deal with the realities of second language learning. Article topics range from ESL, to French immersion, to international languages, to native languages.
Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition (CARLA)
The Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition (CARLA) is one of the U.S. Department of Education's Title VI National Language Resource Centers, whose role is to improve the nation's capacity to teach and learn foreign languages effectively. CARLA sponsors the American Council on Immersion Education and offers annual summer institutes specifically targeted at the needs of immersion educators.
Center for Applied Linguistics (CAL)
CAL is a private, non-profit organization that carries out a wide range of activities including research, teacher education, analysis and dissemination of information, design and development of instructional materials, technical assistance, conference planning, program evaluation, and policy analysis. They sponsor up-to-date directories of U.S. total and partial immersion programs & two-way immersion programs. In addition, CAL maintains an extensive array of research-based information on two-way immersion programs in the U.S.
Dual Language of New Mexico (DLeNM)
DLeNM is a non-profit organization serving the professional and informational needs of New Mexican communities who wish to develop, refine and/or implement dual language education programs.
EuroClic
EuroCLIC is a European network of advocates of plurilingual education. EuroCLIC focuses on programmes which entail the use of a modern foreign language as the language of instruction or content and language integrated learning for non-language subjects. EuroClic publishes a journal and provides links to past articles on their website, along with other resources for advancing plurilingual education.
Ñandutí
Ñandutí is a resource for foreign language learning in grades K-8 housed by the Center for Applied Linguistics. Ñandutí sponsors a listserv for district personnel, superintendents, teachers, college and university teacher educators, and parents. Their website includes resources regarding program models, professional development, advocacy, and archives of listserv discussions on hot topics.
National Association for Bilingual Education (NABE)
NABE is the only national organization exclusively concerned with the education of language-minority students in American schools and actively works to promote educational excellence and equity through bilingual education. NABE sponsors an annual conference and the organization publishes a journal and an online newsletter. The NABE website includes answers to frequently asked questions about bilingual education.
National Dual Language Consortium
The National Dual Language Consortium, founded in 2006, is a not-for-profit that coordinates, consolidates and disseminates national resources and research from a variety of local, state, and national organizations, as well as individuals, devoted to the support of dual language education. Member organizations include Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition (CARLA), Center for Applied Linguistics (CAL), Dual Language of New Mexico (DLeNM), Illinois Resource Center (IRC), and 2-Way CABE (California Association of Bilingual Education).
National Network for Early Language Learning (NNELL)
NNELL is an organization for educators involved in teaching foreign languages to children and provides leadership, support, and service to those committed to early language learning and coordinates efforts to make language learning in programs of excellence a reality for all children. The NNELL journal Learning Languages is published three times a year (fall, winter, and spring).
Curricular and Program Development Materials
Bringing the Biodiversity of Ecuador to Spanish Immersion Classrooms
By Diane J. Tedick and Constance Walker with Spanish Immersion Teachers
This Spanish-language science curriculum was developed by immersion language teachers for use in instructional settings at levels K-8. With funding from the U.S. Department of Education's Group Projects Abroad, a group of Spanish immersion teachers, under the direction of Professors Diane Tedick and Constance Walker at the University of Minnesota, traveled to Ecuador in July 1999 to study issues of biodiversity and environmental protection in Spanish. Based on their in-country research, the immersion teachers worked together with the project leaders to create a high quality content-based science curriculum for use in Spanish immersion programs around the country.
American Council on Immersion Education - ACIE Newsletter Archives
This site provides archived articles from past ACIE Newsletters in the following themes: The Bridge: From Research to Practice, Best Practices, Immersion ABCs, Points for Parents, School Profiles, Research Reports, and Guest Editorials. "Bridge" articles include The Importance of Sequencing and Planning When Integrating Language and Content (w/Lesson Plan), Integrated Curriculum: Designing Curriculum in the Immersion Classroom, and the Immersion Teaching Strategies Observation Checklist.
Elementary Immersion Learning Strategies Resource Guide
This free, interactive website is an online version of Elementary Immersion Learning Strategies Resource Guide published by the National Capital Language Resource Center. Users can follow the guide sequentially, skip to topics of interest, or jump directly to printable resources like lesson plans, charts, and worksheets. Topics covered include: definitions, descriptions, and examples of language learning strategies, teaching students to think about learning, teaching learning strategies using the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach, and selecting strategies to introduce to students in language and content areas at each grade level. The site also provides sample lessons for a variety of grade levels, languages, and subject areas, and a review of the literature on language learning strategies instruction. The appendices contain further resources for teachers: an annotated list of stories to help teach learning strategies, a model for developing a learning strategies lesson, and learning strategies lists and definitions in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Japanese, and Russian.
Canadian Parents for French (CPF)
CPF houses many wonderful curricular resources for teachers of French and for parents of French immersion students. Two very extensive and regularly maintained sites are recommended: CPF French Internet Addresses and Popular Software Lists and CPF French Education Resources Quick Links.
CoBaLTT Curriculum Development Resources
CoBaLTT provides intensive professional development and online resources that help language teachers create content-based lessons/units using technology to enhance students' language proficiency and content or cultural knowledge. In addition to the online instructional modules, the CoBaLTT project has compiled helpful resources to support the instructional modules, including the lesson plans and units developed by project participants, graphic organizer templates, technology tutorials and ideas, discussion boards for module topics, rubrics and checklists, and others.
Evaluator’s Toolkit for Dual Language Programs
The purpose of this Toolkit is to assist staff in dual language programs that serve English language learners (ELLs) in addition to English proficient students to understand how to meet assessment and accountability guidelines. This Toolkit assumes no prior knowledge of data collection, data management or data analysis on the part of the user. It is truly "A Beginner's Toolkit."
If you want to know how to establish an evaluation question, what data to collect, how to develop a spreadsheet, how to analyze your data, and how to present them, this is the Toolkit for you.
Guiding Principles for Dual Language Education
The Guiding Principles for Dual Language Education was developed as a tool to help dual language programs (two-way immersion, heritage language, foreign language immersion, or developmental bilingual programs) with planning and ongoing implementation. Grounded in evidence from research and best practices, the guiding principles address program issues in seven strands: Assessment and Accountability, Curriculum, Instruction, Staff Quality and Professional Development, Program Structure, Family and Community, and Support and Resources.
Resources for Spanish Language Arts Standards and Benchmarks
The resources linked from this page may be helpful reference tools for dual language program staff seeking to design Spanish language arts standards, benchmarks or a scope and sequence for their program. Some address standards for Spanish learners, some for native speakers, and some for both.
Two-way Immersion (TWI) Toolkit
This Toolkit is designed to meet the growing demand from teachers, administrators, and parents for guidance related to the effective implementation of TWI programs. Although the Toolkit is primarily intended to support teachers, administrators, and parents who are new to two-way immersion, those with experience in TWI may also find the Toolkit useful. The Toolkit is composed of three segments: program design and planning, classroom instruction, and parental involvement.
Immersion Teacher Development
Dual Language Immersion Certificate Program at the University of Minnesota
The certificate program in language immersion education prepares teachers or other professionals to work effectively in immersion settings. In immersion programs, the immersion language (the second language the students are acquiring) is used as a vehicle to teach school subjects. The program is designed for K-12 language immersion teachers or others interested in language immersion education. This unique certificate program is the first in the United States to incorporate a coherent set of courses designed specifically for immersion teachers. Offered by the College of Education and Human Development’s Department of Curriculum and Instruction (C&I), the program was designed jointly by the college’s second languages and cultures (SLC) education faculty and representatives of language immersion programs in the Twin Cities metropolitan area.
Educators can complete the certificate with two to four years of part-time study. Most courses will be offered on the Twin Cities campus, but selected courses will be held at off-campus sites connected to immersion schools when possible. The certificate may be completed independently or in conjunction with a master of education (M.Ed.), master of arts (M.A.), or doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.) program.
Immersion video training programs have been developed and produced by Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, Maryland, USA, with funding through a federal grant from the U.S. Department of Education. Each program is available in 1/2" VHS (NTSC) format and is accompanied by a Teacher's Activity Manual. Programs and the supporting print materials may be used to provide inservice opportunities for one teacher or a group of teachers.
Available titles in this professional development series include:
- What it Means to be an Immersion Teacher
- Foreign Language Immersion An Introduction
- Second Language Acquisition in Children
- Negotiation of Meaning
- Planning for Instruction in the Immersion Classroom
- Reading and Language Arts in the Immersion Classroom: Grades K-2
- Reading and Language Arts in the Immersion Classroom: Grades 3-6
- Teaching Math and Science in the Immersion Classroom
- Teaching Social Studies in the Immersion Classroom
- Teaching Culture in the Immersion Classroom
- Assessment in the Immersion Classroom
Requests to order the video training program should be addressed to:
Foreign Language Coordinator
Department of Academic Skills
Montgomery County Public Schools
850 Hungerford Drive
Rockville, Maryland 20850-1747
Phone: 301-279-3911
Orders for these programs should be accompanied by a check for each video in the amount of US $25 (US $30 for international orders) per program.
Immersion Conference “Afterglow”
Immersion Education: Pathways to Bilingualism and Beyond, October 16-18, 2008.
Visit the conference website for the conference "after-glow" - you will find a video of Fred Genesee's plenary speech as well as handouts and Powerpoints that plenarists, workshop leaders, and session presenters have shared!
Parent Support
Bilingual Families Website
This web site provides support and resources for families where one or both parents are speaking a foreign language (not their native language) to their children in an effort to raise them bilingually. The site features answers to frequently asked questions about raising children bilingually, a list of references and a listserv.
Canadian Parents for French (CPF)
CPF is a national network of volunteers that values French as an integral part of Canada and is dedicated to the promotion and creation of French second language learning opportunities for young Canadians. CPF sponsors a newsletter and an annual conference, and offers a website with many resources for educators and parents of children in French immersion programs.
“Learning the Language”
This 18-minute video documentary explores the immersion experience. A group of parents at St. Louis Park’s Spanish immersion school committed their time and money towards documenting how language is acquired through the immersion using interviews with students, their parents, staff and experts to demonstrate its success and tell the story. It uses school and district data and research to communicate the educational benefits. It also covers the most commonly asked questions and concerns about immersion education. It can be used as a fundamental presentation tool on immersion, in both formal and informal settings. Cost: $20 – VHS; $25 – DVD.
Requests to order the video training program should be addressed to:
Park Spanish Immersion PTO
PSI-PTO
Attn: VHS/DVD
6300 Walker St.
Saint Louis Park, MN 55416
Phone: 952-928-6759
Multilingual Children's Association
The Multilingual Children's Association focuses on the day-to-day joys and challenges of raising bilingual and multilingual children. This user-friendly website includes up-to-date information and useful resources for families seeking to raise multilingual children.
“World Language Immersion: K-12 Spanish Immersion in the Saint Paul Public Schools”
This 20-minute video offers a look at the development of Minnesota’s first immersion program began in 1986 under the leadership of founder, Howard Hathaway, former World Language Supervisor for St. Paul Public Schools. Three schools currently house the K-12 Spanish Immersion Program and its over 900 students from a variety of linguistic and cultural backgrounds. These include: Adams Spanish Immersion Magnet School, Highland Park Jr. High, and Highland Park Sr. High. With partial funding from the U.S. Department of Education’s Foreign Language Assistance Program Grant the video was developed under the direction of grant coordinator, Maria Alicia Arabbo. For more information about Saint Paul Public Schools K-12 Spanish Immersion Program or how to get a copy of this video in DVD, contact Maria Alicia Arabbo at maria.Alicia.arabbo@spps.org
“Speaking in Tongues”
A documentary film about children who become bilingual in an immersion program.
The film follows four diverse students and their families as they encounter the
challenges and delights of becoming fluent in two languages.
Online Resources for Immersion Practitioners (Quick Reference)
ERIC Digests
This digest answers some of the most common questions that parents and others ask about foreign language immersion education:
- What is a foreign language immersion program and how does it work?
- Why should I consider enrolling my child in an immersion program?
- How will learning everything in a second language affect my child's English language and literacy development?
- Will my child become proficient in the second language? How long will that take?
- Is immersion an appropriate choice for all children?
- What can I do to support my child's immersion experience if I don't speak the second language?
“Raising Bilingual Children: Common Parental Concerns and Current Research”
Kendall King and Lyn Fogle, Georgetown University
The purpose of this digest is to help pediatricians, speech language pathologists, classroom teachers, and other professionals who work with bilingual children and their parents understand common parental concerns related to bilingual childrearing and become familiar with the current science on bilingual child development.
Websites for Curriculum Development
Appendix B: Assessment Profile (PDF) - New Jersey World Languages Framework
Bloom's Taxonomy's Model Questions and Key Words http://www.cbv.ns.ca/sstudies/links/learn/1414.html
http://www.teachers.ash.org.au/researchskills/dalton.htm
CARLA Immersion Project
CoBaLTT Curriculum Development Resources
Elementary Immersion Learning Strategies Resource Guide (NCLRC)
FLES Teacher Links: Curriculum Documents
French-language French Immersion USA website
La taxonomia de Bloom y el pensamiento crítico
Nebraska K-12 Foreign Language Frameworks
Portland Public Schools ESL/Immersion Language Curriculum Framework
Task Oriented Question Construction Wheel Based on Bloom's Taxonomy
University of South Florida SEEDS
University of South Florida SEEDS II
Select Immersion School Home Pages
http://www.edina.k12.mn.us/normandale/index.htm
http://www.rdale.k12.mn.us/lis/index.html
http://www.stlpark.k12.mn.us/psi/index.html
http://adams.spps.org/index.asp
http://www.frenchimmersion.spps.org/index.asp
http://www.famn.org/
http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/DIS/OHSICS/forlang/partial.htm
http://www.arlington.k12.va.us/schools/key/spanish/index2.html
http://www.cps.ci.cambridge.ma.us/element/amigos/
http://aliciachacon.yisd.net/
Other Online Immersion Resources
http://members.shaw.ca/cpf99/CPF-French-Internet-Address-List-Index.html
http://calvin.ednet.lsu.edu/~fil/modules/Page%20d'accueil/accueil3.htm
http://www.cal.org/resources/faqs/rgos/2way.html
http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~jar/links.html
http://www.amonco.org
http://www.teachers.ash.org.au/researchskills/dalton.htm
Websites on Early Language Learning
http://www.acfnewsource.org/science/learning_language.html
http://www.childdevelopmentinfo.com/development/current_research_language_development.shtml
Websites on Immersion Language Assessment
SOPA Online
CAL now offers three online training courses that teach participants how to administer and rate students’ oral language using theStudent Oral Proficiency Assessment (SOPA).
- Introduction to SOPA
- Moderated Introduction to SOPA
- Rating the SOPA
National Online Early Language Learning Assessment (NOELLA)
NOELLA will be the first affordable, universally accessible proficiency assessment for early language learners. NOELLA evaluates reading, writing, speaking, and listening proficiency for students learning Chinese, French, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish in grades three through six.
Spanish-Language Assessments for Dual Language Programs
This guide contains descriptions of assessments that may be appropriate for use in dual language programs. The guide does not make explicit recommendations but contains information that may help dual language practitioners select tests in the partner language for students in Grades PreK–12. The guide includes an overview of available assessments, a list of related assessments, detailed information about available assessments, and a glossary of terms.
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