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References consulted in creating this module:

Arellano, S. (2000). A hierarchy of requests in California Spanish: Are indirectness and mitigation polite? In Roca, A. (Ed.), Research on Spanish in the U.S. (pp. 319-32). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.

Ballesteros Martín, F. J. (2001). Spanish politeness versus English politeness. A pragmatic-linguistic study of impositive acts. Estudios Ingleses de la Universidad Complutense, 9, 171-207.

Bustamante-López, I. & Niño-Murcia, M. (1995). Impositive speech acts in Northern Andean Spanish: A pragmatic description. Hispania, 78, 885-97.

Carduner, J. (2003). Politeness strategies of intermediate to advanced learners of Spanish. University of Pittsburgh. (UMI No. 9928030)

Cenoz, J. (2003). The Intercultural Style Hypothesis: L1 and L2 interaction in requesting behaviour.  Effects of the Second Language on the First (pp. 62-80). Buffalo, NY: Multilingual Matters LTD.

Cenoz, J., & Valencia, J. (1994). Interlanguage pragmatics: The role of linguistic and social psychological elements in the production of English requests and apologies. Unpublished manuscript. Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain: Dept. of English and German Philology, U. of the Basque Country.

Cenoz, J., & Valencia, J. (1996). Cross-cultural communication and interlanguage pragmatics: American vs. European requests. In L. Bouton (Ed.), Pragmatics and Language Learning, 7, 47-53.

Félix-Bradesfer, J. C. (2005). Indirectness and politeness in Mexican requests. In Eddington, D. (Ed.), Selected Proceedings of the 7th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium (pp. 66-78). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.

Ferrer, C., & Sánchez Lanza, C. (2002). Interacción verbal. Los actos de habla. Rosario: Universidad Nacional de Rosario Editora.

García, C. (1993). Making a request and responding to it: A case of Peruvian Spanish speakers. Journal of Pragmatics, 19, 127-52.

Haverkate, H. (1996). Modal patterns of direct and indirect discourse in Peninsular Spanish: An analysis within the framework of speech act typology. In T. Janssen & W. Van der Wurff (Eds.) Reported Speech: Forms and function of the verb (pp. 97-119),. John Benjamins: Amsterdam.

Hurley, J. (1993). A cross-cultural pragmatic study of Spanish and Quichua request strategies as influenced by language contact in Otavalo, Ecuador. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Pittsburgh.

Hurley, J. (1995). Pragmatics in a language contact situation. Verb forms used in requests in Ecuadorian Spanish. Hispanic Linguistics, 6-7, 225-264.

Hofmann, P. (2004). Language politeness: Directive speech acts in Brazilian Portuguese, Costa Rican Spanish, and Canadian English. State University of New York at Stony Brook.  (UMI No. 3106823)

Koike, D. (1994). Negation in Spanish and English suggestions and requests: Mitigating effects? Journal of Pragmatics, 21, 513-26.

LePair, R. (1996). Spanish request strategies: A cross-cultural analysis from an intercultural perspective. Language Sciences, 18, 651-670.

Márquez Reiter, R. (1997). Politeness phenomena in British English and Uruguayan Spanish. Miscelánea, 18, 159-67.

Márquez Reiter, R. (2000). Linguistic politeness in Britain and Uruguay: A contrastive analysis of requests and apologies. Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing.

Márquez Reiter, R. (2001). Pragmatic variation in Spanish. Paper presented at the 31st Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Chicago, IL.

Márquez Reiter, R. (2002a). A contrastive study of conventional indirectness in Spanish: Evidence from Peninsular and Uruguayan Spanish. Pragmatics, 12, 135-51.

Márquez Reiter, R. (2002b). Estrategias de cortesía en el español hablado en Montevideo. In Placencia, M. E. & Bravo, D. (Eds.), Actos de habla y cortesía en español (pp. 89-106). Munich, Germany: LINCOM Europa.

Márquez Reiter, R. & Placencia, M. E. (2004).  Current trends in the pragmatics of Spanish. Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing.

Mir, M. (1993). Direct requests can also be polite. Paper presented at the 7th Annual Meeting of the International Conference on Pragmatics and Language Learning. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, April 1-3, 1993.

Mulder, G. (1998). An empirical study of directive speech acts in Spanish. In H. Haverkate, G. Mulder, & C. Fraile Maldonado (Eds.) La pragmática lingüística  del español: Recientes desarollos (pp. 237-275). Rodopi: Amsterdam.

Overfield, D. (1997). Teaching pragmatic competence: Input, interaction and consciousness-raising. University of Pittsburgh. (UMI No. 9727851)

Pinto, D. (2005). The acquisition of requests by second language learners of Spanish. In Márquez Reiter, R., García, O. & Otheguy, R. (Eds.), Spanish in Context (pp. 1-27). Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Publishing.

Placencia, M. E. (1994). Pragmatics across varieties of Spanish. Donaire, 2, 65-77.

Placencia, M.E. (1998). Pragmatic variation: Ecuadorian Spanish vs. Peninsular Spanish. Spanish Applied Linguistics, 2, 1, 71-106.

Rintell, E. (1980). Language variation and pragmatic ability: The influence of social context on the production of speech acts by second language learners. Doctoral Dissertation. Boston University.

Rodríguez, S. (2001). The perception of requests in Spanish by instructed learners of Spanish in the second- and foreign-language contexts: A longitudinal study of acquisition patterns. Indiana University. (UMI No. 3005407)

CLICK HERE to access the CARLA annotated bibliography of pragmatics research and speech acts.